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Low productivity is one of the key challenges facing the UK economy, and is a particularly acute problem in the North East. The most common way of measuring productivity is through gross value added (GVA), which shows the value of outputs compared to the cost of inputs. This is often expressed as GVA per hour worked, which is the easiest way to make comparisons across sectors, regions and countries. In this section you’ll also find data on productivity by industry and geography, as well as gross domestic product (GDP) which measures economic output more generally.